It is a mild detoxifier and one of the most powerful antioxidants, serving as the primary “scavenger” of free radicals within cells. Glutathione prevents the development of uncontrolled inflammatory reactions. By regulating eicosanoid activity, it can reduce the activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby lowering the concentration of C-reactive protein and other inflammatory factors. The glutathione system is the primary intracellular antioxidant defense system and determines the redox status of the intracellular environment. Glutathione supports the functional activity of the thymus and prevents its age-related involution. The presence of glutathione allows B-lymphocytes to bind to an antigen and, if necessary, detach to bind to the next one, thereby maintaining their activity and reducing the burden on the bone marrow, the spleen, and the lymphatic system, thereby preventing the development of autoimmune and allergic diseases, as well as preventing their recurrence following past infections. The glutathione system exerts an antimutagenic effect and prevents DNA damage in cells and the transformation of normal cells into cancerous ones. It regenerates other antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E (after neutralizing free radicals, these vitamins themselves can become unstable molecules). It acts as a cofactor for another powerful antioxidant enzyme—glutathione peroxidase.
- Brewer’s yeast enriched with selenium
Provides a controlled dose of this essential antioxidant mineral. Through the enzymatic selenation of amino acids, brewer’s yeast converts inorganic selenium into an organically bound form, which significantly increases the trace element’s bioavailability and safety. In the body, organically bound selenium is better absorbed than its inorganic counterparts and forms selenomethionine and selenocysteine. Thus, selenium-enriched brewer’s yeast effectively and safely corrects selenium deficiency, ensuring the expression of selenoproteins and selenium-dependent enzymes, such as, in particular, glutathione peroxidase—one of the main antioxidant enzymes capable of inactivating reactive oxygen species and maintaining the integrity of cell membranes and the membranes of cellular organelles. Low concentrations of selenium inhibit the release of histamine and accelerate its degradation, exerting an anti-allergic and anti-dystrophic effect. Selenium regulates thyroid function by improving iodine absorption and serving as a component of deiodinases, which convert thyroxine (T4) into the more active triiodothyronine (T3). Selenium normalizes the function of the gonads, promotes the maturation of germ cells, and improves spermatogenesis. It is a component of proteins in muscle tissue and the myocardium, preventing their degeneration and maintaining functional activity. It participates in nucleic acid metabolism and DNA repair.
A conditionally essential amino acid. It is a component of alpha-keratin, the primary protein in nails, skin, and hair, and promotes collagen formation, improving the skin’s elasticity, structure, and texture. Cysteine, like many proteinogenic amino acids, is a component of human structural proteins, including skeletal muscle proteins; it accelerates recovery after physical exertion and stimulates muscle mass growth. Cysteine reduces liver damage caused by medications, alcohol, and oral steroids. It repairs damaged liver cells and optimizes their function. Thanks to its antioxidant properties, cysteine prevents the oxidation of cholesterol, which is one of the factors contributing to the development of cardiovascular diseases. It helps neutralize certain toxic substances. It has the ability to bind to and accelerate the elimination of heavy metals and soluble iron. It is a precursor to another powerful antioxidant—glutathione—and increases glutathione synthesis.
It has powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects. It is capable of scavenging free radicals and binding metal ions that catalyze oxidation processes. It possesses chemopreventive properties by directly interacting with activated carcinogens and toxins, binding them into a stable form and helping the body eliminate them. It actively “neutralizes” hydroxyl radicals—the primary agents involved in the effects of ionizing radiation—and increases tissue resistance to the damaging effects of hard radiation and high-energy radiation across a wide range. It improves the functional state of the cardiovascular system: it helps optimize central and peripheral blood flow, normalize vascular wall permeability, and restore blood vessel tone. It improves blood rheology, optimizes lipid metabolism and the blood lipid profile, and prevents the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and blood clots. It increases resilience and reduces the risk of destructive changes in the body’s cells and tissues under conditions of hyperglycemia, slowing the rate of structural changes in the islets of Langerhans, thereby reducing the likelihood of developing diabetes and alleviating the course of diabetes-related complications.
A natural source of SOD (superoxide dismutase). Superoxide dismutase is one of the key components of the system that protects cells and tissues from oxidative damage; it neutralizes superoxide radicals by forming hydrogen peroxide. It acts as a radioprotector, effectively shielding cells from damage caused by ionizing radiation. Folic acid stimulates fibroblast proliferation and the synthesis of collagen and elastin; it influences the remodeling of the extracellular matrix, inhibits the glycation process, and reduces collagen degradation. The extract possesses strong anti-inflammatory activity and promotes DNA repair.
An enzyme capable of catalyzing the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide—which is produced during biological oxidation—into water and molecular oxygen, thereby providing effective protection of cellular structures against degradation. Catalase reacts only at sufficiently high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide—which accompany oxidative stress—rapidly restoring the balance between the formation and elimination of free radicals and preventing the development of uncontrolled inflammation.
It acts as a universal protector of cell membranes against oxidative damage by neutralizing free radicals and thereby preventing the development of free-radical-mediated peroxidation of unsaturated lipids. It participates in protein biosynthesis and cell proliferation, and prevents increased capillary permeability and fragility. Vitamin E regulates muscle activity, preventing fatigue; it acts as an important regulator of protein metabolism in muscles and influences the normal functioning of the gonads. The oxidized form of vitamin E is converted to its reduced form when it reacts with ascorbic acid.
- Retinol palmitate (vitamin A)
It is a fat-soluble vitamin. The overall effect of retinol is due to the enhancement of myelopoiesis, macrophage function, and humoral and cellular immune responses, which helps activate the body’s defenses. It plays an important role in redox processes (due to its large number of unsaturated bonds). It stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of cells in rapidly renewing tissues—cartilage, spermatogenic epithelium, the placenta, skin epithelium, mucous membranes, immune system cells, and blood cells. It participates in the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, proteins, and lipids. In the skin, it inhibits keratinization processes, enhances the proliferation of epithelial cells, rejuvenates cell populations, and reduces the number of cells undergoing terminal differentiation.
- Ascorbyl palmitate (vitamin C)
Possesses strong antioxidant properties. Acting as a coenzyme, it forms a redox system (redox pair) and, in this form, is capable of accepting and donating hydrogen atoms, thereby neutralizing the superoxide radical to form hydrogen peroxide. Vitamin C regulates immune responses (activates the synthesis of antibodies, the C3 component of complement, and interferon), promotes phagocytosis, and enhances the body’s resistance to infections. It exerts a pronounced anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effect: it inhibits the release of histamine and accelerates its degradation, and suppresses the formation of prostaglandins and other mediators of inflammation and allergy. It participates in the hydroxylation of the amino acids proline and lysine, which is necessary for the synthesis of procollagen and its conversion to collagen during the formation of the matrix of bone and cartilage, as well as the filling of intercellular spaces with regenerating connective tissue. It facilitates the synthesis and polymerization of hyaluronic acid and inhibits hyaluronidase. It maintains normal capillary permeability.
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